3 rules and 6 details of jade carving

Many jade carvings are also products of the Eastern aesthetic background, and therefore various principles of Eastern art can be found in jade carvings. Compared with Western art, my country's traditional plastic arts, dance and drama pay more attention to the expression forms characterized by free, vivid and curvaceous beauty. While using curves, we also emphasize the strength and elasticity of lines, and pay attention to the square in the circle and the circle in the square, and the combination of hardness and flexibility. These are the main characteristics of the use of lines in traditional Chinese art.

1. Use square to make round

"Replacing circle with square" is a typical rule of line usage in traditional Chinese decorative art. It uses straight lines as contrasting factors to create a square with a circle, or a straight line with a curve, forming a contrast and harmonious beauty of hardness and softness. The patterns on bronze ware from the Shang and Zhou dynasties, the decorative patterns on stone carvings, jade ware and lacquerware from the Han and Wei dynasties all clearly show the characteristics of lines that are square with roundness, and both hardness and softness.

2. S-curve

It is composed of two connected arcs in opposite directions. Various patterns created by S-shaped lines are widely used in the design and modeling of jade handicrafts. The ancient Chinese "Tai Chi" pattern is based on the S shape, dividing the circle into two asymmetrical but balanced pieces with equal area (unified), same shape, and reversed directions (diversified), one black and one white, with a white or black dot in the middle of the other opposite circular lines. The repetition of positive and negative shapes within the circle contains rich contrast and unity in such a concise shape.

3. Long dynamic line

From the perspective of traditional decorative line rules, the use of long dynamic lines, wavy lines and arcs can easily produce decorative effects. The characteristics of ancient Chinese clothing are long robes, long sleeves, wide sleeves, and long ribbons. The long lines of decoration are the best expression, revealing the curves and dynamic beauty of the human body. The organization of dynamic lines is also reflected in the shape of flowers and birds, such as the interlacing of branches, the stretching of flowers and leaves in the wind, and the flying and jumping of birds. In terms of landscape modeling, such as the staggered arrangement of trees of different heights, the crisscrossing and winding flow of water, the origin and development of the mountains, and the folds and tilting directions of the rocks, changing line rhythms are often used to express these.

A piece of jade rough material needs to go through more than 6 processing methods to become a fine jade object.

1. Jade Appraising: When a piece of jade arrives at the processing factory, it first has to go through this process, which is to observe the properties and various characteristics of the jade material to decide what should be made. Basically, it will be cut after the conception of what to make is made.

2. Shaping: As the name suggests, shaping is to initially shape the jade material into the shape of the object to be made after cutting.

3. Design: Since the shape of the jade material after cutting may be different from what was expected before, it must be redesigned. The design at this time is decisive for the final product.

4. Carving: After the design is completed, it needs to be carved. There are many carving techniques, generally divided into relief, openwork, hollow carving, line carving, negative carving, round carving, etc., which can also be divided into three stages: blanking, grinding, and finishing.

5. Polishing: The carving method can generally be used for all jades, but the polishing method is different. Generally, different jades have different polishing methods.

6. Sealing with wax: No matter how a piece of jade is polished, there will always be uneven areas left, resulting in uneven gloss and an unpleasant visual effect. At this time, the last step of sealing with wax must be completed. Sealing wax is very simple. Generally speaking, it is to use paraffin wax to boil lightly at a low temperature, take it out, scald it with boiling water while it is hot, and wipe it clean with a soft cloth. Good sealing wax will make the surface of the jade piece smooth and shiny, with beautiful and even color, which can reflect the beauty of the jade.

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