Jadeite Tips: Three Ways to Cut Jadeite Rough Stone

1. Wire cutting method

Wire cutting refers to using horsetail and horsehair rope as saw blades, continuously adding sand and water, and pulling the "saw blade" back and forth to cut jade.

This method involves slowly cutting the jade into two complete pieces over a long period of time. It is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also requires manpower to ensure it, and it does not ensure labor efficiency. It can only achieve the effect of cutting jade through persistent perseverance of using softness to overcome hardness. It was a method that was more commonly used in the past when machines were not yet widely used, so it is rarely used now.

The parabolic wire saw marks that we often see on the surface of jade are the result of jade being cut using this cutting method.

2. Slice cutting method

The slice cutting method is currently the most commonly used jadeite rough stone cutting method, which can be divided into three categories:

(1) Using large-scale cutting machines or medium-sized oil-immersed cutting machines to cut large pieces of jade raw materials. The saw cuts used by such machines are wider and deeper, resulting in greater loss of raw materials;

(2) Use a medium-sized cutting machine to cut the type of jadeite material suitable for ornaments. This will use a thinner saw blade with water cooling, resulting in a smaller sawing kerf and less loss of material.

(3) Use a small cutting machine to cut jade raw materials such as plaques, pendants and playthings. The saw blades used in this way are as thin as paper, and there is basically no loss of raw materials. In addition, small cutting machines are often used for opening large smooth surfaces during the engraving process.

3. Blade cutting method

The stone cutting method is a method used to cut jadeite raw stones since ancient times.

It uses a disc called a "tumbler" to rotate and rub back and forth on the jade, and then slowly grind off the skin. That is, it uses simple mechanical principles to perform rotary cutting to process jade.

Its specific operation is to install a disc on a horizontal axis, and then connect the belt wrapped around the axis to the pedal. The craftsman alternately steps on the pedals, and the connected axis drives the rotation of the weight. In this way, by continuously adding water and sand materials such as corundum to the disc, the jade can be processed through friction. Today, in modern times, due to the use of electric equipment and technological improvements, this method has better applications and is still being used.

We also know that when cutting jadeite raw stones, we must be as careful as possible, so Brother Xuan will continue to talk about the principles of cutting materials:

(1) During the cutting process, special care should be taken with the pigment so as not to damage the green color. Only if the materials are prepared well, utilized well and shipped well can a greater profit be obtained.

Therefore, experience is very important for a cutting master.

(2) When cutting, start from the worst part.

Start with the worst part first so that you won’t lose too much.

(3) When cutting, consider making the jadeite raw stone as large as possible.

The larger and rarer the finished product, the higher its value.

If you can make bracelets, make them first, and make small accessories with the rest. Those with many cracks can only be made into flower pieces or withered pieces.

(4) The principle of dual use. When cutting, the flower pieces and the smooth body should be cut at the same time. If the body can be smoothed, try to make it smooth, and don't cut it through with one knife.

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