The Origin of Chinese Jade Culture in Jade Gambling

Jade culture has had a huge and far-reaching impact on the long history of Chinese civilization. In primitive society, jade stood out from the general use of stone tools and began to be used as ornaments to be worn on the body. Hongshan culture is the representative of northern jade culture. Six or seven thousand years ago, our ancestors were able to use the simplest tools to produce jade rings, jade beads, and jade tubes that are incredible and exquisitely crafted for modern people. What is more worth mentioning is the appearance of the image of the jade dragon. This superb and very vivid jade artifact reflects the beginning of the Chinese nation's use of the dragon as a totem and is also a witness to a long history. At the same time, the unique jade cong and jade seals discovered in the Liangzhu area of ​​Zhejiang in southern my country, their production methods and the dense spider-web-like engraved patterns on the cong are still unsolved mysteries studied by archaeologists and carving masters.

Thousands of years ago, China's jade-making skills had already reached a relatively high level. The emergence of bronze ware in the Shang Dynasty further promoted the improvement of jade manufacturing level. During the slave society, jade was used as a sacrificial vessel to communicate between heaven and man. It was an important tool for people to worship heaven and earth, which added to the mystery of jade. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, society was turbulent, and politicians and thinkers were very active, forming a period of flourishing flowers and contending schools of thought. : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : :

By the middle and late Ming Dynasty, jade production in my country had reached its peak. The production techniques included line engraving, shallow relief, deep relief, round carving, openwork carving and various carving methods combined in succession. The forms of expression of the objects made almost covered all the common and frequently used objects in people's lives. The content includes heaven, earth, people, gods, ghosts, mountains, rivers, trees, flowers, birds, fish and insects, everything is included. In the late Ming Dynasty, jadeite began to appear in China. This jade with the fresh green of nature and various colors immediately captivated the jade-loving Chinese. Compared with local jade, its warm texture and rich colors have the same quality but more colors. The introduction of jadeite into China has greatly inherited China's 8,000-year-old jade culture tradition and jade-making techniques, but many new things have emerged in the specific production process.

① In traditional jade making, taking young materials as an example, most of them are based on shallow relief, outlining the shape in a freehand style, and rarely hollowing out and processing the internal color; at the same time, bright green, jadeite and rich spring-color jadeite are difficult to obtain, and when using these materials, their weight should be maintained as much as possible, thus resulting in ring faces, heart-shaped and gall-shaped jadeite objects.

② Jadeite is a multi-colored jade material. During its production, in addition to large pieces of jade that can be shaped and processed according to needs, many materials must be crafted according to the materials. It is common to make continuous modifications during the polishing process, because the material processing is very important.

③The traditional Chinese jade carving techniques and designs are no longer suitable for the production of many jadeite products. We must constantly innovate concepts, adopt new tools and new expression techniques, and the scientific use of painting and color is even more important in the design and production of jadeite.

In this way, while absorbing the traditional Chinese jade carving concepts and carving techniques, jade has also gradually innovated through trial and error, forming a set of concepts and methods for jade materials, design, and processing technology. When people are looking for a piece of good quality and colorful jade among millions of unearthed jade rough materials, they always think a lot and design from many angles to find the best solution. Only after careful consideration can one piece of pleasing jade work come into being. The author has selected the best of the thousands of works he has seen and shared them with readers in this article.

Most of the jade gambling stones come from Menggong Jade. Menggong is not unfamiliar to those engaged in jade research and marketing. Menggong is an area in Kachin State, Myanmar. It is only more than 400 kilometers away from Mandela, Myanmar, and only 27 kilometers east of Myitkyina, which is adjacent to Tengchong, Yunnan. The Chinese came here as early as the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, making a living by digging jade and selling ironware, silverware and other handicrafts produced in Yunnan. Jade mining in Menggong started earlier than in other parts of Myanmar because it is very close to Yunnan. It is said that it takes two to three days for border residents of Tengchong to travel from Houqiao to Menggong. If they drive a caravan to Menggong and sell goods as they walk, they can make a round trip in half a month. There are still many descendants of Chinese living in Menggong area. When talking with them, many of them would tell stories about the older generation's jade-digging trip to Myanmar in Chinese with a Tengchong accent. Although many of them have never been back to Tengchong, their words clearly describe the streets and alleys of old Tengchong and the countryside scenery of Heshun Township. This shows that no matter how long the history is, Chinese people will never forget the roots where their ancestors lived and grew up when they go to a foreign land. Many overseas Chinese living in Menggong and its vicinity, when they hear guests from Yunnan to Myanmar communicating in Yunnan dialect, are so happy that they ask you about the changes in their hometown as if they had drunk honey water. Especially when we talked about the mountains, rivers, grass and trees in Tengchong today, it aroused their nostalgia for their hometown. Many elderly people would warmly invite us to their homes in their not-so-pure hometown dialect, and tell us about the hardships their ancestors experienced when they went to Menggong, Myanmar to dig for jade and the characteristics of Menggong jade. In terms of its geological characteristics, Menggong is located in the northern margin of the collision between the Eurasian Plate and the Indian Plate, and there are also ultramafic rocks rich in chromium, which provides a reliable prerequisite for the formation of jade. In the old days, mining was limited by conditions, and the main types of mining were water stones produced in rivers or semi-mountain and semi-water stones produced in the shallow part of terraces. Mr. Zhang Hongzhao's book "Gems" clearly pointed out that "the origin of jadeite is now mainly in the mountains in northern Myanmar. The area used to belong to the southern part of 2 South, and was included in Myanmar by the British in the Qing Dynasty. British geologist Toch wrote in "Summary of Indian Geology and Geology": Jadeite is found in Dumao, Myitkyina, Upper Myanmar, at 25°42' north latitude and 96°17' east longitude. I don't know when it was mined? Most of it was imported into China and is expensive. In 1847, the British Klipito wrote in his book: (Jadeite) ore comes from a kind of yellow soil, initially as pebbles, and is often encountered from the depth of less than ten feet from the pit mouth. Later, the British Rothlin personally surveyed and wrote in his book. In addition to the pebbles seen by Klipito, there are also serpentines, which are intrusive rocks in the upper sandstone and claystone of the Tertiary period. These ancient materials show that Menggong is the first place where jadeite was discovered.

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