I've learned a lot. Jadeite worth tens of millions is made in this way.

Jade is gem-grade jadeite with a hardness of 6.5-7. Due to the high hardness of jade, it is difficult to process. Sometimes, we see a piece of product with very delicate carvings, including negative carving, positive carving, hollow carving, etc., and the carving is very complicated. This is only because the jade itself has many impurities. In order to avoid the impurities in the jade, the sculptor uses sophisticated craftsmanship to remove the impurities of the jade. This piece of jade is very beautiful and artistic.

As the saying goes, jade cannot be made into a useful object without being carved. Jade is known as the king of jade because of its high hardness, high specific gravity, and sufficient colors mainly emerald green, jadeite and purple, and its materials (especially high-grade materials) are extremely rare and precious. Therefore, its processing procedures, processing materials, processing tools and processing equipment are different from those of other jades. The jadeite processing flow and procedures are introduced as follows:

1. Material selection: This is the key beginning. Jadeite jade materials generally have skin. It is the only jade with skin in the world, so it is also called gambling stone or gambling goods, which is also not found in other jades. So, the primary consideration in material selection is the processing purpose, to make ornaments? Device? bracelet? Pendant? Rings or ring faces, etc. The characteristics of materials are closely related to the processing purpose. If the material is not selected well, not only will the material be wasted, but the processing will also result in a loss.

2. Cutting: This is also the first step. Some people are eager to gamble on the stone and usually cut it with one cut. Not only may the jade be cut off (because good jade is usually thinner), it may also not be able to make the entire sculpture work of art, thus losing its original value. The general procedure is to first wipe the skin and look at the surface characteristics of the jade, such as the direction of the emerald color, the development and direction of cracks, colors such as jadeite and purple, the distribution of black, analysis and estimation of changes in the water quality inside and outside, and the shape of the original stone. Secondly, it is determined based on the overall condition of the original stone and its possible processing purposes. Then, decide whether to carve the whole material or cut it into pieces.

3. Usage positioning and planning:

1. When making small items: consider the purpose and yield rate. Such as round carvings and bracelets.

2. Make small carvings: such as jade pendants and waist plaques, etc., you need to consider what style to make, which not only utilizes the advantages of the material but also meets the requirements of the carving style. Otherwise, it is easy to produce waste.

3. Making ornaments: The selection of the theme style is closely related to the characteristics of the material and is a very important link. If you are planning to make a figure, the first thing to consider is whether there are any impurities in the original stone, or whether a cleaner part should be used for the figure's face. You also need to consider whether the original stone is large enough to make up the figure. Perfect jade articles are all jade works of art created through creative planning and meticulous craftsmanship. The principle of carving design is to maximize the value of the original stone based on its color, type, water, shape, cracks, black color, and jade quality. General carving styles: figures, mountains, auspicious figures, animals, and flowers have different material requirements. The main style of the sculpture and the matching background style are principled and proportionate, rather than a simple accumulation of styles.

4. Processing process:

1. Cutting:

1. Small pieces: Cut into sizes of different uses and specifications step by step, and change the processing purposes of the unusable or non-conforming pieces to make full use of them.

2. Ornaments: Cut into rough pieces according to design style requirements.

2. Carving

1. Rolling: Use a fine rolling mill to carve out shapes of figures, animals, landscapes, flowers, etc. Such as faces, animal bodies, roots, stems and leaves of trees and flowers.

2. Hook: Use a hook or various shapes of nails to hook out fine patterns, such as human hair, beard, phoenix hair, animal hair, scales and plant leaf patterns.

3. Finishing: Generally, large and powerful factories are equipped with this process, using special tools and materials to smooth out the remaining marks and sand holes from the previous engraving process, laying a good foundation for the next grinding and polishing process.

(III) Grinding and polishing process:

1. Polishing:

(1) Manual grinding: It is semi-mechanized. Manual grinding uses various types of diamond grinding wheels on a grinder to perform rough grinding, fine grinding, and fine grinding to matte finishing.

(2) Machine grinding: It is fully mechanized and uses diamond abrasives on a vibration machine to complete the processes from coarse grinding to fine grinding and precision grinding. Generally, it takes 3 to 4 days to polish a small round-carved jade piece.

2. polishing:

1) Manual polishing: Manual polishing is done by polishing machines, using various polishing tools and polishing materials to cast a bright finish.

2) Machine polishing: Vibrating machine plus polishing materials, generally a small round-carved jade piece usually takes 2 to 3 days to complete. Manual polishing generally takes longer time and is more expensive than machine automatic polishing, but the effect is better and the three-dimensional and carved style of the carved patterns are preserved.

(IV) Decoration:

1. Decoration of ornaments: The base is the most important decoration of ornaments. The materials and styles of the base are complicated. A good match can achieve the improvement of artistic value.

2. Packaging: It is the last link. A beautiful jade product needs good packaging, which includes inner packaging and outer packaging. The matching packaging can not only have a decorative and high-end effect, but also be effective in maintenance and transportation.

The processing of jade, from jade material to finished products, requires a series of processing steps before it can become various beautiful products. As the saying goes, "If jade is not carved, it will not become a useful product." The Chinese have unique experience in jade processing and production. Chinese craftsmen are best at using jade materials and making the best use of the characteristics of the material to achieve beautiful and economical effects.

According to their uses, jade products can be divided into two categories: one is jewelry; the other is ornaments. Next, I will focus on the carving skills of a certain ornament and give some appreciation to my fellow jade lovers, hoping that we can share our thoughts together.

An excellent plaything is made from natural jade, through careful conception and design, and finally it is completed by a jade craftsman carving it piece by piece. A piece of fine jade material, no matter how good its texture is or how beautiful its color is, if it has not been processed, it can only be called a "beautiful stone" at best.

Only through peeling, cutting, removing flaws, cleverly depicting, meticulously carving, and carefully polishing can it become a piece of jade art. Exquisite knife carving requires that the patterns on the carved pieces be symmetrical and rhythmic. When carving three-dimensional relief patterns, the base should be flat and the circles should be round and smooth. Great care is taken in the selection of materials for the characters' faces. They must not have blemishes, cracks or mottled colors. They must be dynamic and natural, with vivid folds in clothes. The facial features must be serious and detailed. Men must be dignified, women must be pretty, and Buddha statues must be kind, serious and otherworldly. As for birds, animals, flowers, birds, insects and fish, they should be exaggerated and powerful, and the layout should be reasonable. The final careful grinding and polishing make the carving more crystal clear and give the entire carving a more noble temperament of jade.

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