The jade processing process from material selection to carving into finished products is collected

The colors are rich and colorful, among which green is the best. According to the color, it can be divided into three types: 1. Skin color; refers to the color of the outermost layer of jade, its formation is related to later weathering. This type of color comes in various shades of red, yellow and gray, and is characterized by a nearly concentric shape near the outer skin of the raw material. Red is often called jade; ②, ground color: also known as the "base" color, which means the background color, refers to colors other than green, which are different shades of white, oil color, lotus root powder, gray, etc.; ③, green color; refers to the natural color of jadeite, this type of color is characterized by various shades of green. Sometimes green contains black. Green is often called emerald.

Light-colored jadeite emits a dim white fluorescence under long-wave ultraviolet light and no reaction under short-wave ultraviolet light.

Jade, also commonly known as Burmese jade, is a type of jadeite produced in Myanmar. A small amount of jadeite is also produced in Japan, the Soviet Union, Mexico, California, the United States, etc., but its quality and output are far inferior to those in the Union of Myanmar. The Myitkyina region in the northern part of Myanmar has the largest reserves of jadeite deposits. Gem-grade jadeite has been mined there for a long time and supplied to all parts of the world. Therefore, people have long known that jadeite is produced in the Union of Myanmar, and therefore Myanmar jade is used as a synonym for jadeite. Jadeite is the gemological name, while Myanmar jade is the jargon of experts (there is no such thing as jadeite in Myanmar. Jadeite is the beautiful name given by the Chinese to this natural spirit. It is named after a kind of emerald bird because the most beautiful green and red colors in gem-grade jadeite are the same as the colors of this bird).

The finest jade is now cherished by more and more people in the world. At the same time, in the world's jewelry customs, people also designate jade as the birthstone of May, a stone of kindness and enthusiasm. Jade is produced in the Union of Myanmar and the China-Myanmar border area. It entered China in the late Ming Dynasty, and was imported into China in large quantities after the mid-Qing Dynasty. However, judging from written records and unearthed physical records, jade appeared much earlier.

Processing Technology

As the saying goes, jade cannot be made into a useful object without being carved. Jade is known as the king of jade because of its high hardness, high specific gravity, rich colors mainly emerald green, jadeite and purple, and the fact that its raw materials (especially high-grade materials) are very rare and precious. Therefore, its processing procedures, processing materials, processing tools and processing equipment are different from those of other jades. The jadeite processing flow and procedures are introduced as follows:

1. Material selection: This is an important starting point. Jadeite jade materials generally have skin. It is the only jade with skin in the world, so it is also called gambling stone or gambling goods, which is something other jades do not have. Therefore, the key to material selection is the processing purpose, to make ornaments? Device? bracelet? Pendant? Rings or ring faces, etc. The characteristics of the raw materials are closely related to the processing purpose. If the choice is not good, not only will the raw materials be wasted, but the processing will also result in a loss.

2. Cutting: It is also a key link. Some people are eager to gamble on the stone and often cut it with one cut. Not only may the jade be cut off (because good jade is often thinner), it may also fail to make an overall carved artwork, thus losing its original value. The normal procedure is to first wipe the skin and look at the surface characteristics of the jade, such as the direction of the emerald color, the development and direction of cracks, colors such as jadeite and purple, the distribution of black, analysis and estimation of changes in the water quality inside and outside, and the appearance of the original stone. Secondly, it is determined based on the overall condition of the original stone and its possible processing purposes. Then, decide whether to make the carving using the entire raw material or cut it into pieces.

3. Usage positioning and design:

1. When making small items: consider the purpose and yield rate. Such as round carvings and bracelets.

2. Make small carvings: such as jade pendants and waist plaques, etc., you need to consider what pattern to make, which not only utilizes the advantages of the raw materials but also meets the requirements of the carving pattern. Otherwise, waste products may be easily produced.

3. Making ornaments: The selection of the theme pattern is closely related to the characteristics of the raw materials and is a very critical and primary link. If you are designing a figure, the key is to see whether the original stone has impurities, or to choose a cleaner part for the figure's face. You also need to consider factors such as whether the original stone is large enough to be used in proportion to the figure. Perfect jade articles are all jade works of art that have been creatively designed and meticulously crafted. The principle of carving design is to maximize the value of the original stone based on its color, type, water, shape, cracks, black color, and jade quality. General carving patterns: figures, mountains, auspicious patterns, animals, and flowers have different requirements for raw materials. The main pattern of the carving and the matching supporting pattern are principled and proportional, rather than a simple accumulation of patterns.

4. Processing process:

1. Cutting:

1. Small pieces: Cut into sizes of different uses and specifications in steps, and change the processing purpose of the pieces that cannot be used or do not meet the specifications to make full use of them.

2. Ornaments: Cut into rough pieces according to the design requirements.

2. Chopping: Use a diamond grinding wheel (coarse sand) to further remove useless parts to form a rough blank.

3. Chisel: Use a diamond (medium grit) grinding wheel to further remove the convex and concave parts and useless parts of the entire surface.

4. Punching: Use a diamond grinding wheel or round stone to further punch the rough blank from the previous process into a rough blank.

5. Grinding: Use grinding wheels of various specifications to grind out the patterns of round sculptures, such as fruits, rocks and tree roots.

6. Carving:

1. Rolling: Use a fine rolling mill to carve out the shapes of patterns such as figures, animals, landscapes and flowers. Such as faces, animal bodies, roots, stems and leaves of trees and flowers.

2. Hook: Use a hook or various shapes of nails to hook out fine patterns, such as human hair, beard, phoenix hair, animal hair, scales and plant leaf patterns.

3. Finishing: Generally, large and powerful factories have this process, which uses special tools and materials to smooth out the excess marks and sand holes from the previous carving process, laying a good foundation for the next grinding and polishing process.

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