Increase your knowledge! Three ways to cut jadeite raw stone!

As the saying goes, “If jade is not carved, it will not become a useful object.” From jadeite raw stone to jadeite finished product, it generally goes through processes such as material selection, cutting, design, rough carving, fine carving, drilling and polishing. Among them, cutting is one of the initial processing of jadeite raw stone. Different regions have different methods, but they are generally the same. To sum up, there are three main types:

1. Wire cutting method

Use horsetail and horsehair rope as saw blades, continuously add sand and water, pull the "saw blades" back and forth to cut the jade, and slowly you can split the jade into two complete pieces of jade. This cutting method is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and requires a large amount of manpower to ensure. The parabolic wire saw marks commonly seen on the surface of Liangzhu culture jade artifacts may have been caused by this cutting method.

At that time, we did not care about manpower, time, or labor efficiency, but only sought to achieve success through this kind of perseverance of "using softness to overcome hardness".

force to achieve the desired effect.

2. Slice cutting method

This is the most common jade cutting method in my country, which can be divided into three categories:

(1) Using large-scale cutting machines or medium-sized oil-immersed cutting machines to cut large pieces of jade raw materials, the saw cuts are wider and deeper, and the raw material loss is greater;

(2) Use a medium-sized cutting machine to cut jadeite materials suitable for ornaments. The saw blade is thin and water-cooled, the saw cut is small, and the loss of raw materials is also small;

(3) Use a small cutting machine to cut jade raw materials such as plaques, pendants and playthings. The saw blade is as thin as paper and there is basically no loss of raw materials. In addition, it is also often used for opening large polished surfaces during the engraving process.

3. Blade cutting method

This is an ancient method that involves using a disc called a "tuo" to rotate and rub the jade back and forth, then slowly grind off the skin. (A "砣" is a tool that uses simple mechanical principles to rotate and cut the jade being processed.) The specific operation is: install a disc on a horizontal axis, and then connect the belt wrapped around the axis to the pedal. The jade craftsman alternately steps on the pedals, and the connected axis drives the "砣" to rotate. At this time, water and sand materials such as emery are continuously added to the disc, and the jade can be processed through friction. In modern times, due to the use of electric equipment and technological improvements, this method has achieved better results.

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