The different meanings of jade in Buddhism, Taoism and ancient culture

The finished jade products currently available on the market are a combination of traditional Chinese culture and modern oriental and western culture. The integration of various cultures has greatly enhanced the artistic content of jade culture. Combining various patterns from different eras, the main meanings are summarized as follows. Since ancient times, jadeite has been recognized as the "king of jade", "world-class famous jade", "imperial jade", and "the finest jade art".

Auspicious meanings of jade patterns:

1. Buddhist cultural implication: mainly Maitreya Buddha, Guanyin, Thousand-armed Guanyin, Child-bearing Guanyin, Nanhai Guanyin, Putuo Guanyin, various Bodhisattvas and other patterns.

2. Taoist cultural implication: The main patterns are Yin-Yang Bagua, Yin-Yang fish, and Five Gods Bagua.

3. The cultural connotations of the imperial palace: such as the nine dragons returning to their ancestral home, two dragons playing with a pearl, dragon and phoenix bringing good luck, pine and crane prolonging life, the imperial concubine taking a bath, the hope that her son will become a successful person, unifying the world, peace and prosperity, and a house full of gold and jade.

4. Meaning of literati culture: joy on the brows, three friends of winter, (pine, bamboo and plum).

5. The cultural meaning of the zodiac: the twelve zodiac signs: rat, ox, tiger, rabbit, dragon, snake, horse, goat, monkey, rooster, dog and pig. They represent good luck in life and those who wear the corresponding zodiac jade pendant.

6. The cultural implication of businessmen: prosperous business, surplus every year, sweet rewards after hardships, good fortune, unicorn brings wealth, and golden toad brings good luck.

7. Ancient folk cultural meaning: golden monkey paying birthday greetings, boy fish, five sons passing the imperial examinations, five lions bringing good fortune, carp jumping over the dragon gate, careful budgeting, a good harvest, successive births of sons, good fortune, dragon and phoenix, good fortune and longevity, five blessings.

8. Cultural connotation of official career: step by step, three levels in a row, fruitful results, promotion, the mantis stalks the cicada while the oriole is behind, wealth and prosperity, a bright future, and a promotion soon.

9. New cultural meanings: Pixiu brings good luck, mutual understanding, wish-fulfilling heart lock, universal celebration, blessings, (bamboo, bats), eternity, peanuts, various conferences, exhibitions, and expositions.

10. The cultural meanings of happiness, wealth, longevity and joy: Traditional: Fu: Maitreya Buddha, bats, plum blossoms, the God of Longevity, good fortune in sight, cockscomb and chayote; Lu: cockscomb, rooster and phoenix; Shou: dragon-headed turtle, ginseng, pine trees, cranes, mountains and Ganoderma lucidum; Joy: celebration and magpie; Plants: gourds, peonies, daffodils and plum blossoms; Figures: Guan Gong, the God of Longevity and the God of Wealth, also known as the Three Stars Shining Brightly. Jade color categories: Fu – violet, Lu – emerald, Shou – jadeite, Xi – blue.

11. Corporate culture implications: Auspicious corporate names and brands: Golden Dragon, Three Golds, Fortune Bird, Woodpecker, Crocodile, Monkey King, Golden Bird, and White Rabbit.

12. Cultural implication of expressing wishes: hoping your son will become successful and have many children.

13. The meaning of Confucian culture: mountains and rivers, people, flowers and birds, animals, plum, orchid, bamboo, chrysanthemum, grapes, and vegetables (symbolizing the spirit of scholar-officials).

Jade carving techniques

From the perspective of carving history, the skillful color carving technique was first created in the Song Dynasty. When carving, emphasis is placed on measuring materials, selecting materials according to the natural characteristics and colors of jade, applying techniques in accordance with the materials, and cleverly using colors. With the changes of the times, the advancement of carving technology and the improvement of people's aesthetic level, modern jade carving skills have inherited the excellent tradition of "clever color" while adding some new techniques, using the original color of jade to produce various unique styles of jade carvings.

In the inheritance of ancient craftsmanship, the current carving techniques are used in the application of jade carving colors. In addition to paying attention to cleverness, pretty, and color separation, let's take a look at the characteristics of these three techniques: Cleverness is the clever use of color, allowing some seemingly inharmonious colors to be presented through carving technology; Pretty color is to highlight the characteristics of color on the basis of clever color. Its characteristic is that the rich color of the raw material is preserved and fully applied to the subject matter of jade carving. It uses different colors and levels to show a vivid theme, which plays a finishing touch.

Compared with Qiao Se and Qiao Se, color separation is a new technology that has only appeared in recent years. It strictly distinguishes the different color parts that seem a bit muddy on the basis of Qiao Se. This is very difficult for jade carving. Because the formation of jadeite's color is much more complicated, this requires jade carvers to not only have superb carving skills, but also to be familiar with all aspects of the jadeite raw materials and have the courage to experiment. Now, color separation has become one of the important evaluation criteria for an excellent modern jade carving work.

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