Jadeite rough stone cutting method, stone polishing and stone cutting skills

There is a famous Chinese saying: "If jade is not carved, it will not become a useful object." From raw materials to finished products, a series of processing steps are required. The Chinese have unique skills and experience in processing jade. Today we will discuss the jadeite raw stone cutting method: stone polishing and stone cutting techniques.

Chinese jade carving can fully utilize the raw materials, maximize the characteristics of the raw materials, and achieve the most perfect artistic effect on the basis of saving materials. The processing methods vary in different regions and by different masters, but generally speaking, there are two methods for cutting jadeite raw stones: polishing and cutting.

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1. Raw material analysis - Before inspecting and processing the raw materials, you must have a comprehensive understanding of the actual conditions of the raw materials, that is, you must understand the specific conditions of the processing object, just like the specific conditions of a doctor. Just like a doctor seeing a patient, only by analysis can you prescribe the right medicine and make the right preparation according to the materials.

2. Stone slicing refers to the first cut made to split the stone. After careful observation and judgment, you need to choose the direction for cutting. If there is a crack, the first cut is mainly along the grain. The biggest stuff:

1. Original method: burning - to explode into small pieces. Disadvantages: difficult to control the explosion point, serious damage. Later improvements: Partial burning

2. Wire drawing (wire saw): iron wire and silicon carbide (SiC) are used as abrasives, cooled with water, and pulled back and forth to loosen the jade. Advantages: No damage to quality and no waste of raw materials. Disadvantages: Slow.

3. The pedal-operated material disassembly machine was first used in the Qing Dynasty. Now it has been replaced by electric ones. But it is still used for high-quality jade or in mountainous areas without electricity. A round iron-lead copper disk, a rotating shaft, a belt or tape, and a foot pedal to drive the rotating shaft. Keep adding emery.

3. Slicing and preparation After the first cut, the color, crack distribution, water head, etc. of the jade material will be clearer, and slicing preparation can begin.

Principles of cutting materials (1) Be especially careful with pigments and make sure not to damage the green color. If the materials are prepared well, utilized well and shipped well, greater profits can be obtained. Experience is very important.

(2) Start from the worst position. Before you gain experience, start from the worst position so that you won’t suffer too much loss.

(3) Make the finished product as large as possible. The larger the finished product, the rarer it is and the higher its value. If you can make bracelets, make them first and use the rest to make small accessories. Those with many cracks can only be made into flower pieces or withered pieces.

(4) The principle of dual use: Pattern pieces and plain bodies should be developed simultaneously. If plain bodies are possible, try to make them plain instead of just one size fits all.

Jadeite rough stone cutting method: polishing and cutting

In the high-end gambling stone market, some people can become rich as a country with one cut, while others can lose everything with one cut. Jadeite gambling has become an activity that some people cannot give up because of such uncertainty, high returns and high risks. However, gambling on jadeite will continue to occur throughout the process from raw jade to finished product.

Stone cutting is the most critical step in the process of gambling on stones. It is said that “one cut determines life and one cut determines death”. As the saying goes in the jargon, “rubbing does not count as an increase, only cutting counts as an increase”. It can be seen that the conclusion of winning or losing is determined by the cut that cuts the stone.

One early cutting technique was to use a bow saw to press down the sand and slowly saw the stone apart. If the stonecutter feels that he can no longer cut, he can take remedial measures. Another method is to use a jade cutting machine. The blade of the machine is coated with a layer of diamond sand, so the cutting is accurate and fast. However, the stone needs to be clamped by a clamp and soaked in oil or water, so the cutting process cannot be clearly observed. The winner can only be determined after the stone is completely cut open.

You also need to find a position when cutting the stone. Generally, you cut from the rubbed edge or the roughened edge. You can also cut from the loose flower or along the crack. If no green is seen after the first cut, cut a second time and a third time.

Let’s talk about stone polishing. Stone gambling has always had its unique charm due to its high returns and high risks. In order to reduce the risks again and again, experts in stone gambling have slowly figured out many stone-cutting methods and developed a pair of eagle eyes.

Stone rubbing is easy to understand. It is a relatively conservative method of stone cutting. Experts also call stone rubbing "rubbing the skin" or "shedding the skin". To polish a piece of jadeite raw stone, you generally have to find the appropriate polishing position on the raw stone. If you rub the stone in the appropriate position, the stone-cutting effect will be good and the risk will be low. However, if you don’t find the right position and blindly rub the stone, you may accidentally cut away the green.

So how do you find the position to polish the stone? Mainly observe the fog, background and color. Once you have found the appropriate position to polish the stone, you can then use an external light source to observe the inside of the original stone from the polished edge. This way you can further and more accurately judge how deep and rich the green inside the stone is.

Polishing stone is definitely not something that can be done anywhere casually. It requires certain techniques and skills. You can't just find a random spot and polish it successfully. Generally speaking, the order of polishing jade stone is to polish the roughness, then polish the dryness, then polish the dinginess, and finally polish the loose flowers. In short, no matter how you polish it, the most important goal of polishing the stone is to find the real green, which cannot be forgotten.

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